![]() But American election administration is decentralized, with election results reported individually by each state. In a general election there can be on the order of ten million unique combinations of precincts and candidates. There are nearly 180,000 precincts across the 50 states and the District of Columbia in every election, many candidates compete for numerous public offices in each of these precincts. However, it can be extremely difficult to acquire usable precinct-level election results. Prominent applications of precinct- or county-level election results include modeling public health outcomes, particularly related to COVID-19 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16 local-level analyses of municipal spending, policing and crime reporting, the effectiveness of public communication, and the usage or regulation of land, water, and energy 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23 estimating neighbourhood-level demographics 24 modeling small-scale labour markets or the effects of macro-economic events 25, 26 and even demonstrating how a new method in statistics or data science can be applied to important questions 27, 28. These data also have applications across many empirical sciences. Local election results are widely used in quantitative political science 3, 4, 5, and one classic application is the study of legislative districts and gerrymandering reform 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. Granular vote count data are required for many important questions. Together these datasets contain over 36,000,000 rows, most of which represent the vote totals for a unique candidate-precinct combination. Since 2016, we have collected and standardized the precinct-level results of national general elections, producing datasets for the 2016, 2018, and 2020 contests. The most granular election results that states share are vote counts in each precinct, which is a geographical unit close to the level of a single polling location, typically containing a few hundred or a few thousand voters. ![]() In contrast, each state can choose whether and how to publish election results at lower administrative levels, so it is much more difficult to acquire, standardize, and audit the accuracy of these data. Then we aggregate the precinct-level results up to geographies that have official totals, and show that our totals never differ from the official nationwide data by more than 0.457%.Īmerican election results are widely available at the largest relevant geography: governments and news outlets publish statewide vote counts for presidential, gubernatorial, and US Senate elections, while races for the US House of Representatives and for state legislatures are commonly released at the electoral district level 1, 2. In this article we describe the process of finding this information and standardizing it. Our data include nearly every candidate for president, US Congress, governor, or state legislator, and hundreds of thousands of precinct-level results for judicial races, other statewide races, and even local races and ballot initiatives. We have collected, cleaned, and standardized precinct-level election results from every available race above the very local level in almost every state across the last three national election years. However, election results are individually reported by each state with little standardization or data quality assurance. Precincts are the smallest level of election administration, and election results at this granularity are needed to address many important questions. Click the name of the browser you are using to get instructions on how to clear the cache: Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari.We describe the creation and quality assurance of a dataset containing nearly all available precinct-level election results from the 2016, 2018, and 2020 American elections. Having trouble viewing results? If the polls are closed and you cannot see any results, clear the cache on your internet browser.
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